Unceded

Unceded [territory] defines Indigenous homelands that were never surrendered to the Crown; land where no formal treaties were signed or treaties were signed but the lands were not willingly surrendered. - Indigenous Perspectives Education Guide, adapted by Michelle Xie

Territories covered by treaties (see treaty) weren't necessarily ceded. The intent of the agreements was the sharing of the territory, which was not honoured.

Examples of Unceded Territory

Ottawa	Located on Anishinabe Algonquin territory
Nearly all of British Columbia	An example being Wet’suwet’en Nation territory where the Coastal Gaslink pipeline is being built without their consent
Halifax	*Located on Mi'kmaw territory of the Mi'kmaq
Montreal	*Located on Kanien’kehá:ka Nation territory of the Mohawks of Kahnawá:ke

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