Divestment - Revision history

Mediawiki: /* Examples of divestment campaigns */

2022-10-19T17:26:10Z

Examples of divestment campaigns

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	== Examples of divestment campaigns ==		== Examples of divestment campaigns ==

	{\| class="wikitable" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; height: 212px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"		{\| class="wikitable" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; height: 212px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"
	\|- style="height: 23px;"		\|- style="height: 23px;"
	\| style="width: 15.0968%; height: 23px; background-color: #99e1d9;" \|		\| style="width: 15.0968%; height: 23px; background-color: #99e1d9;" \|
	Government pressure		'''Government pressure'''
	\| style="width: 84.9032%; height: 23px;" \|		\| style="width: 84.9032%; height: 23px;" \|
	Divestment became a popular strategy in the 1980s, when it was used to pressure the government of South Africa to abolish its racist policy and crime of apartheid. <ref>https://beautifultrouble.org/toolbox/tool/divestment/</ref>
			*Divestment became a popular strategy in the 1980s, when it was used to pressure the government of South Africa to abolish its racist policy and crime of apartheid. <ref>https://beautifultrouble.org/toolbox/tool/divestment/</ref>
	\|- style="height: 23px;"		\|- style="height: 23px;"
	\| style="width: 15.0968%; height: 23px; background-color: #99e1d9;" \|		\| style="width: 15.0968%; height: 23px; background-color: #99e1d9;" \|
	Banks divestment		'''Banks divestment'''
	\| style="width: 84.9032%; height: 23px;" \|		\| style="width: 84.9032%; height: 23px;" \|
	Calls for major banks to divest their investment portfolios from fossil fuels. <ref>https://bankingonabetterfuture.org/</ref>
	\|- style="height: 69px;"		*Calls for major banks to divest their investment portfolios from fossil fuels. <ref>https://bankingonabetterfuture.org/</ref>
	\| style="width: 15.0968%; background-color: rgb(153, 225, 217); height: 69px;" \| Pension divestment		\|- style="height: 69px;"
	\| style="width: 84.9032%; height: 69px;" \| Calls for pension plans, such as the The Ontario Teachers' Pension Plan, to divest their investment portfolios from fossil fuels. <ref>https://www.shiftaction.ca/</ref>		\| style="width: 15.0968%; background-color: rgb(153, 225, 217); height: 69px;" \| '''Pension divestment'''
			\| style="width: 84.9032%; height: 69px;" \|
			*Calls for pension plans, such as the The Ontario Teachers' Pension Plan, to divest their investment portfolios from fossil fuels. <ref>https://www.shiftaction.ca/</ref>
	\|- style="height: 46px;"		\|- style="height: 46px;"
	\| style="width: 15.0968%; background-color: rgb(153, 225, 217); height: 46px;" \| University divestment		\| style="width: 15.0968%; background-color: rgb(153, 225, 217); height: 46px;" \| '''University divestment'''
	\| style="width: 84.9032%; height: 46px;" \|		\| style="width: 84.9032%; height: 46px;" \|

	Calls for universities to divest their investment portfolios from fossil fuels. <ref>https://www.divestcanada.ca/</ref>		*Calls for universities to divest their investment portfolios from fossil fuels. <ref>https://www.divestcanada.ca/</ref>
	\|- style="height: 51px;"		\|- style="height: 51px;"
	\| style="width: 15.0968%; background-color: rgb(153, 225, 217); height: 51px;" \| Palestine solidarity		\| style="width: 15.0968%; background-color: rgb(153, 225, 217); height: 51px;" \| '''Palestine solidarity'''
	\| style="width: 84.9032%; height: 51px;" \|		\| style="width: 84.9032%; height: 51px;" \|

	Universities in the US voted to divest funds from companies supporting the Israeli occupation and colonization of Palestine. <ref>https://soundcloud.com/intifada/umich-students#t=0:00</ref>		*Universities in the US voted to divest funds from companies supporting the Israeli occupation and colonization of Palestine. <ref>https://soundcloud.com/intifada/umich-students#t=0:00</ref>
	\|}		\|}

	<br>		<br>

Mediawiki: /* Examples of divestment campaigns */

2022-10-19T17:25:45Z

Examples of divestment campaigns

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	== Examples of divestment campaigns ==		== Examples of divestment campaigns ==

	{\| class="wikitable" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; height: ~~92px~~; background-color: ~~#ffffff~~;"		{\| class="wikitable" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; height: 212px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"
	\|- style="height: 23px;"		\|- style="height: 23px;"
	\| style="width: 15.0968%; height: 23px; background-color: #99e1d9;" \|		\| style="width: 15.0968%; height: 23px; background-color: #99e1d9;" \|
	=== Marginalized communities <ref>https://climatecommunication.yale.edu/news-events/countries-and-territories-most-affected-by-climate-change-also-more-likely-to-believe-it-to-be-personally-harmful/</ref> ===		Government pressure



	\| style="width: 84.9032%; height: 23px;" \|		\| style="width: 84.9032%; height: 23px;" \|
	*In the ~~Global North~~, ~~MAPA often corresponds with low-income marginalized groups who bear~~ the ~~brunt~~ of ~~environmental impacts including unhealthy drinking water, harmful air quality, and close proximity~~ to ~~fossil fuel~~ and ~~toxic waste facilities.~~		Divestment became a popular strategy in the 1980s, when it was used to pressure the government of South Africa to abolish its racist policy and crime of apartheid. <ref>https://beautifultrouble.org/toolbox/tool/divestment/</ref>
	*These communities are already experiencing the impacts of ~~the climate crisis, and will continue to experience the worst of the effects~~. ~~See [[environmental racism]] for more~~.~~ ~~		\|- style="height: 23px;"
	\|- style="height: 23px;"
	\| style="width: 15.0968%; height: 23px; background-color: #99e1d9;" \|		\| style="width: 15.0968%; height: 23px; background-color: #99e1d9;" \|
	~~ ~~		Banks divestment

	~~=== The Global South, i.e. Latin America ===~~

	\| style="width: 84.9032%; height: 23px;" \|		\| style="width: 84.9032%; height: 23px;" \|
	*The impacts of the climate crisis have already become clear for people living in Latin America, as is the case for other countries in the Global South. Latin American countries generate less greenhouse gas than the U.S., Europe, Asia and the Middle East, but are disproportionately suffering from droughts, hurricanes and seasonal shifts. <ref>https://today.duke.edu/2022/04/how-climate-change-changing-latin-america</ref>		Calls for major banks to divest their investment portfolios from fossil fuels. <ref>https://bankingonabetterfuture.org/</ref>
	*Millions of people will be forced to ~~migrate as the crisis worsens and Latin America becomes uninhabitable. ~~		\|- style="height: 69px;"
	*"Higher temperatures and heat waves [are] particularly deadly, especially if populations don't have the infrastructure in place to rely on air conditioning and other means to mitigate the impacts.” -Sarah Bermeo <ref>https://youtu.be/vw4NhAKycAU</ref>		\| style="width: 15.0968%; background-color: rgb(153, 225, 217); height: 69px;" \| Pension divestment
	*"More than two thirds of the electricity consumed in Latin America comes from ~~renewable energy resources, chiefly hydropower.” “As we're thinking about a post-fossil fuel world, as we think about the politics and economics that come from a transition from relying mainly on~~ fossil fuels ~~to moving to renewable energy resources, the area of the world that can show us the good, the bad and the ugly about what that might look like is Latin America~~.~~” -Christine Folch~~ <ref>https://~~youtu~~.be/~~vw4NhAKycAU~~</ref> ~~ ~~		\| style="width: 84.9032%; height: 69px;" \| Calls for pension plans, such as the The Ontario Teachers' Pension Plan, to divest their investment portfolios from fossil fuels. <ref>https://www.shiftaction.ca/</ref>
	\|-		\|- style="height: 46px;"
	\| style="width: 15.0968%; background-color: ~~#99e1d9~~;" \| ~~ ~~		\| style="width: 15.0968%; background-color: rgb(153, 225, 217); height: 46px;" \| University divestment
	~~=== The Global South, i.e. the Phillipenes ===~~		\| style="width: 84.9032%; height: 46px;" \|

	\| style="width: 84.9032%;" \| ~~ ~~
	*The ~~Philippines contributes less than 0.4%~~ to ~~the climate crisis~~. <ref>https://www.~~preventionweb~~.~~net/news~~/~~calls-climate-justice-rise-extreme-weather-repeatedly-shatters-philippines~~</ref>
	*The Philippines experiences an average of 20 typhoons and extreme storms per year, exasperated by the climate crisis. For example, climate-aggravated Typhoon Rai hit the Philippines in December 2021. Four hundred people were killed and over half a million people were displaced, in addition to 830,000 damaged homes and millions of dollars’ worth of crops, farmland and infrastructure damage.
	*The aftermath of these typhoons is devastating. “People wandered the streets with signs saying they were hungry and thirsty." ~~“Many died of dehydration~~. ~~Flooded cities have become ghost towns~~; ~~houses have been buried by landslides.”~~-~~Arnel Murga <ref>https~~:~~//www.theguardian.com/global-development/2022/jan/05/filipinos-count-cost-of-climate-crisis-as-typhoons-get-ever-more-destructive</ref>~~
	*Rising sea levels from global heating will submerge parts of the country, ~~leading to thousands of climate refugees. Drought and flooding will hit agricultural production and destroy ecosystems.~~
	*The risk and intensity of health emergencies, ~~such as dengue and diarrhoea, will also increase.~~
	\|}


			Calls for universities to divest their investment portfolios from fossil fuels. <ref>https://www.divestcanada.ca/</ref>
			\|- style="height: 51px;"
			\| style="width: 15.0968%; background-color: rgb(153, 225, 217); height: 51px;" \| Palestine solidarity
			\| style="width: 84.9032%; height: 51px;" \|

	~~Divestment became a popular strategy~~ in the ~~1980s, when it was used~~ to ~~pressure~~ the ~~government of South Africa to abolish its racist policy~~ and ~~crime~~ of ~~apartheid.~~		Universities in the US voted to divest funds from companies supporting the Israeli occupation and colonization of Palestine. <ref>https://soundcloud.com/intifada/umich-students#t=0:00</ref>
	~~{\| class="wikitable" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; height: 69px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"~~
	~~\|- style="height: 23px;"~~
	~~\| style="width: 80~~.~~3024%; height: 23px;" \|~~
	*The [https://~~bankingonabetterfuture~~.~~org~~/ ~~banks divestment movement ]calls for Canada's major banks to divest their investment portfolios from fossil fuels.~~
	~~\|- style="height: 23px;"~~
	~~\| style="width: 80.3024%; height: 23px;" \|~~
	*The [https://www.shiftaction.ca/ ~~pension divestment movement ]calls for pension plans, such as the The Ontario Teachers' Pension Plan, to divest their investment portfolios from fossil fuels.~~
	\|- ~~style~~=~~"height: 23px;"~~
	~~\| style="width: 80.3024%; height: 23px;" \|~~
	*The [https:/~~/www.divestcanada.ca/ student divestment movement] calls for universities to divest their investment portfolios from fossil fuels.~~
	\|}		\|}
			<br>

	== Do divestment campaigns work? ==		== Do divestment campaigns work? ==

Mediawiki: /* Examples of divestment campaigns */

2022-10-19T17:18:51Z

Examples of divestment campaigns

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	== Examples of divestment campaigns ==		== Examples of divestment campaigns ==

			{\| class="wikitable" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; height: 92px; background-color: #ffffff;"
			\|- style="height: 23px;"
			\| style="width: 15.0968%; height: 23px; background-color: #99e1d9;" \|
			=== Marginalized communities <ref>https://climatecommunication.yale.edu/news-events/countries-and-territories-most-affected-by-climate-change-also-more-likely-to-believe-it-to-be-personally-harmful/</ref> ===



			\| style="width: 84.9032%; height: 23px;" \|
			*In the Global North, MAPA often corresponds with low-income marginalized groups who bear the brunt of environmental impacts including unhealthy drinking water, harmful air quality, and close proximity to fossil fuel and toxic waste facilities.
			*These communities are already experiencing the impacts of the climate crisis, and will continue to experience the worst of the effects. See [[environmental racism]] for more.
			\|- style="height: 23px;"
			\| style="width: 15.0968%; height: 23px; background-color: #99e1d9;" \|


			=== The Global South, i.e. Latin America ===

			\| style="width: 84.9032%; height: 23px;" \|
			*The impacts of the climate crisis have already become clear for people living in Latin America, as is the case for other countries in the Global South. Latin American countries generate less greenhouse gas than the U.S., Europe, Asia and the Middle East, but are disproportionately suffering from droughts, hurricanes and seasonal shifts. <ref>https://today.duke.edu/2022/04/how-climate-change-changing-latin-america</ref>
			*Millions of people will be forced to migrate as the crisis worsens and Latin America becomes uninhabitable.
			*"Higher temperatures and heat waves [are] particularly deadly, especially if populations don't have the infrastructure in place to rely on air conditioning and other means to mitigate the impacts.” -Sarah Bermeo <ref>https://youtu.be/vw4NhAKycAU</ref>
			*"More than two thirds of the electricity consumed in Latin America comes from renewable energy resources, chiefly hydropower.” “As we're thinking about a post-fossil fuel world, as we think about the politics and economics that come from a transition from relying mainly on fossil fuels to moving to renewable energy resources, the area of the world that can show us the good, the bad and the ugly about what that might look like is Latin America.” -Christine Folch <ref>https://youtu.be/vw4NhAKycAU</ref>
			\|-
			\| style="width: 15.0968%; background-color: #99e1d9;" \|
			=== The Global South, i.e. the Phillipenes ===

			\| style="width: 84.9032%;" \|
			*The Philippines contributes less than 0.4% to the climate crisis. <ref>https://www.preventionweb.net/news/calls-climate-justice-rise-extreme-weather-repeatedly-shatters-philippines</ref>
			*The Philippines experiences an average of 20 typhoons and extreme storms per year, exasperated by the climate crisis. For example, climate-aggravated Typhoon Rai hit the Philippines in December 2021. Four hundred people were killed and over half a million people were displaced, in addition to 830,000 damaged homes and millions of dollars’ worth of crops, farmland and infrastructure damage.
			*The aftermath of these typhoons is devastating. “People wandered the streets with signs saying they were hungry and thirsty." “Many died of dehydration. Flooded cities have become ghost towns; houses have been buried by landslides.”-Arnel Murga <ref>https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2022/jan/05/filipinos-count-cost-of-climate-crisis-as-typhoons-get-ever-more-destructive</ref>
			*Rising sea levels from global heating will submerge parts of the country, leading to thousands of climate refugees. Drought and flooding will hit agricultural production and destroy ecosystems.
			*The risk and intensity of health emergencies, such as dengue and diarrhoea, will also increase.
			\|}

Mediawiki: /* Examples of divestment campaigns */

2022-10-19T17:18:28Z

Examples of divestment campaigns

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			Divestment became a popular strategy in the 1980s, when it was used to pressure the government of South Africa to abolish its racist policy and crime of apartheid.
	{\| class="wikitable" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; height: 69px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"		{\| class="wikitable" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; height: 69px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"
	\|- style="height: 23px;"		\|- style="height: 23px;"

Mediawiki at 17:16, 19 October 2022

2022-10-19T17:16:55Z

Mediawiki: /* Examples of divestment campaigns */

2022-09-06T16:41:17Z

Examples of divestment campaigns

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	*The banks divestment movement calls for Canada's major banks to divest their investment portfolios from fossil fuels.		{\| class="wikitable" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; height: 69px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"
	*The pension divestment movement calls for pension plans, such as the The Ontario Teachers' Pension Plan, to divest their investment portfolios from fossil fuels.
	*The student divestment calls for universities to divest their investment portfolios from fossil fuels.
	{\| class="wikitable" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; height: 69px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"
	\|- style="height: 23px;"		\|- style="height: 23px;"
	\| style="width: 80.3024%; height: 23px;" \|		\| style="width: 80.3024%; height: 23px;" \|
	*~~Police and government responses~~ to the convoy that took place in Ottawa during a wave of the COVID-19 pandemic revealed a clear inequality gap in the way out society treats some protestors at the expense of others. The convoy was made up primarily of white settlers.
			*The [https://bankingonabetterfuture.org/ banks divestment movement ]calls for Canada's major banks to divest their investment portfolios from fossil fuels.
	\|- style="height: 23px;"		\|- style="height: 23px;"
	\| style="width: 80.3024%; height: 23px;" \|		\| style="width: 80.3024%; height: 23px;" \|
	*~~If those involved were from BIPOC groups~~, ~~they would have been met with heavily militarized force involving massive arrest and excessive use of force. We have seen this on~~ the ~~frontlines of pipeline resistance when the majority of defenders are Indigenous~~.
			*The [https://www.shiftaction.ca/ pension divestment movement ]calls for pension plans, such as the The Ontario Teachers' Pension Plan, to divest their investment portfolios from fossil fuels.
	\|- style="height: 23px;"		\|- style="height: 23px;"
	\| style="width: 80.3024%; height: 23px;" \|		\| style="width: 80.3024%; height: 23px;" \|

	*~~We can compare the way police protect predominantly white protestor groups to the way they ignore the concerns of, or violate, BIPOC groups~~. ~~For example, the failure by police~~ to ~~protect Mi’kmaw lobster harvesters~~ from settler violence in 2020, is a stark contrast to police not enforcing bylaws or criminal laws against convoy protesters, such as those who had complaints of harassment or those who brought hate symbols to the area.		*The [https://www.divestcanada.ca/ student divestment movement] calls for universities to divest their investment portfolios from fossil fuels.
	\|}		\|}

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Examples of divestment campaigns

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 *The pension divestment movement calls for pension plans, such as the The Ontario Teachers' Pension Plan, to divest their investment portfolios from fossil fuels.
 *The student divestment calls for universities to divest their investment portfolios from fossil fuels.
 == Do divestment campaigns work? ==

Mediawiki: /* Do divestment campaigns work? */

2022-09-06T16:37:31Z

Do divestment campaigns work?

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	If one company withdrawns funding, won't another take their place?		===If one company withdrawns funding, won't another take their place?===
	*While the divestment movement alone may not solve the climate crisis, divestment is a part of the broader ecosystem of climate action. Divestment is considered a critical step in shifting how we run our society from principles of extraction to principles of generation.		*While the divestment movement alone may not solve the climate crisis, divestment is a part of the broader ecosystem of climate action. Divestment is considered a critical step in shifting how we run our society from principles of extraction to principles of generation.
	*Divestment takes aim at the ''social license to operate'' of the fossil fuel industry, that is, the level of ongoing approval a community gives to the industry. <ref>https://ethicalunicorn.com/2021/11/05/what-is-the-social-license-to-operate-why-does-it-matter/ </ref>		*Divestment takes aim at the ''social license to operate'' of the fossil fuel industry, that is, the level of ongoing approval a community gives to the industry. <ref>https://ethicalunicorn.com/2021/11/05/what-is-the-social-license-to-operate-why-does-it-matter/ </ref>

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Do divestment campaigns work?

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	Canadian universities that have committed to full or partial divestment include Laval University, Concordia University,, University of British Columbia, University of Guelph and the University of Montreal. 1000 other institutions globally have divested $14 trillion from the fossil fuel industry.		Canadian universities that have committed to full or partial divestment include Laval University, Concordia University,, University of British Columbia, University of Guelph and the University of Montreal. 1000 other institutions globally have divested $14 trillion from the fossil fuel industry.
	<br>		<br>
	~~<br>~~

	While the divestment movement alone may not solve the climate crisis, divestment is a part of the broader ecosystem of climate action. Divestment is considered a critical step in shifting how we run our society from principles of extraction to principles of generation. ~~Some critics suggest that if one big financial player pulls their funds from the fossil fuel industry, another big player will take their place.~~ Divestment takes aim at the ''social license to operate'' of the fossil fuel industry, that is, the level of ongoing approval a community gives to the industry. <ref>https://ethicalunicorn.com/2021/11/05/what-is-the-social-license-to-operate-why-does-it-matter/ </ref> Financial support is a key pillar that gives power to the fossil fuel industry. Loss of a partnership impacts their [[pillars of support]] by stigmatizing the fossil fuel industry. This propels the transition away from a fossil fuel-based economy to one fuelled by sustainable renewable energy.

			If one company withdrawns funding, won't another take their place?
			*While the divestment movement alone may not solve the climate crisis, divestment is a part of the broader ecosystem of climate action. Divestment is considered a critical step in shifting how we run our society from principles of extraction to principles of generation.
			*Divestment takes aim at the ''social license to operate'' of the fossil fuel industry, that is, the level of ongoing approval a community gives to the industry. <ref>https://ethicalunicorn.com/2021/11/05/what-is-the-social-license-to-operate-why-does-it-matter/ </ref>
			*Financial support is a key pillar that gives power to the fossil fuel industry. Loss of a partnership impacts their [[pillars of support]] by stigmatizing the fossil fuel industry. This propels the transition away from a fossil fuel-based economy to one fuelled by sustainable renewable energy.
	<br>		<br>

	<br>		<br>
	<br>		<br>
	If you have any suggested revisions or additional resources to share related to the above content, please email them to kenzie@lehub.ca.		If you have any suggested revisions or additional resources to share related to the above content, please email them to kenzie@lehub.ca.
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	<div style="text-align:center;">This work is licensed under a [https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License].</div>		<div style="text-align:center;">This work is licensed under a [https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License].</div>

Mediawiki: /* Do divestment campaigns work? */

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Do divestment campaigns work?

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	<br>		<br>

	While the divestment movement alone may not solve the climate crisis, divestment is a part of the broader ecosystem of climate action. Divestment is considered a critical step in shifting how we run our society from principles of extraction to principles of generation. Some critics suggest that if one big financial player pulls their funds from the fossil fuel industry, another big player will take their place. Divestment takes aim at the ''social license'' of the fossil fuel industry, that is, the level of ongoing approval a community gives to the industry. <ref>https://ethicalunicorn.com/2021/11/05/what-is-the-social-license-to-operate-why-does-it-matter/ </ref> Financial support is a key pillar that gives power to the fossil fuel industry. Loss of a partnership impacts their [[pillars of support]] by stigmatizing the fossil fuel industry. This propels the transition away from a fossil fuel-based economy to one fuelled by sustainable renewable energy.		While the divestment movement alone may not solve the climate crisis, divestment is a part of the broader ecosystem of climate action. Divestment is considered a critical step in shifting how we run our society from principles of extraction to principles of generation. Some critics suggest that if one big financial player pulls their funds from the fossil fuel industry, another big player will take their place. Divestment takes aim at the ''social license to operate'' of the fossil fuel industry, that is, the level of ongoing approval a community gives to the industry. <ref>https://ethicalunicorn.com/2021/11/05/what-is-the-social-license-to-operate-why-does-it-matter/ </ref> Financial support is a key pillar that gives power to the fossil fuel industry. Loss of a partnership impacts their [[pillars of support]] by stigmatizing the fossil fuel industry. This propels the transition away from a fossil fuel-based economy to one fuelled by sustainable renewable energy.
	<br>		<br>

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:16, 19 October 2022
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	'''Divestment''' ''is intentionally removing investments from a particular company, industry, or sector. For example, a company can divest from the fossil fuel industry and extractivism in favour of moving towards a regenerative economy. In the university context, this means selling the university’s stocks, bonds, and other forms of invested funds in a particular industry, and foregoing future investments in that industry - ''Divest Canada Coalition <ref>https://www.divestcanada.ca/what-is-divestment/</ref> , adapted by Michelle Xie <ref>https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1HC35f2kDXc8cgLYWc9_oUZmINoTfP3_I</ref>		'''Divestment''' ''is intentionally removing investments from a particular company, industry, or sector. For example, a company can divest from the fossil fuel industry and extractivism in favour of moving towards a regenerative economy. In the university context, this means selling the university’s stocks, bonds, and other forms of invested funds in a particular industry, and foregoing future investments in that industry - ''Divest Canada Coalition <ref>https://www.divestcanada.ca/what-is-divestment/</ref> , adapted by Michelle Xie <ref>https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1HC35f2kDXc8cgLYWc9_oUZmINoTfP3_I</ref>

	<br>		<br>

			Divestment as a campaign strategy aims to "''apply economic pressure on an industry or state that is profiting from injustice and destruction. The idea is that stock sell-offs, cancelled contracts, and the like will scare off potential investors and create enough economic pressure to compel the target to comply with your demands. A divestment campaign helps to politically isolate the target and limit its ability to act with impunity." -''Beautiful Trouble <ref>https://beautifultrouble.org/toolbox/tool/divestment/</ref>
	== Examples of divestment campaigns ==		== Examples of divestment campaigns ==

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	*The [https://bankingonabetterfuture.org/ banks divestment movement ]calls for Canada's major banks to divest their investment portfolios from fossil fuels.		*The [https://bankingonabetterfuture.org/ banks divestment movement ]calls for Canada's major banks to divest their investment portfolios from fossil fuels.
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	*The [https://www.shiftaction.ca/ pension divestment movement ]calls for pension plans, such as the The Ontario Teachers' Pension Plan, to divest their investment portfolios from fossil fuels.		*The [https://www.shiftaction.ca/ pension divestment movement ]calls for pension plans, such as the The Ontario Teachers' Pension Plan, to divest their investment portfolios from fossil fuels.
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	*The [https://www.divestcanada.ca/ student divestment movement] calls for universities to divest their investment portfolios from fossil fuels.		*The [https://www.divestcanada.ca/ student divestment movement] calls for universities to divest their investment portfolios from fossil fuels.
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	===If one company withdrawns funding, won't another take their place?===		=== If one company withdrawns funding, won't another take their place? ===
	*While the divestment movement alone may not solve the climate crisis, divestment is a part of the broader ecosystem of climate action. Divestment is considered a critical step in shifting how we run our society from principles of extraction to principles of generation.		*While the divestment movement alone may not solve the climate crisis, divestment is a part of the broader ecosystem of climate action. Divestment is considered a critical step in shifting how we run our society from principles of extraction to principles of generation.
	*Divestment takes aim at the ''social license to operate'' of the fossil fuel industry, that is, the level of ongoing approval a community gives to the industry. <ref>https://ethicalunicorn.com/2021/11/05/what-is-the-social-license-to-operate-why-does-it-matter/ </ref>		*Divestment takes aim at the ''social license to operate'' of the fossil fuel industry, that is, the level of ongoing approval a community gives to the industry. <ref>https://ethicalunicorn.com/2021/11/05/what-is-the-social-license-to-operate-why-does-it-matter/ </ref>
	*Financial support is a key pillar that gives power to the fossil fuel industry. Loss of a partnership impacts their [[pillars of support]] by stigmatizing the fossil fuel industry. This propels the transition away from a fossil fuel-based economy to one fuelled by sustainable renewable energy.		*Financial support is a key pillar that gives power to the fossil fuel industry. Loss of a partnership impacts their [[pillars of support]] by stigmatizing the fossil fuel industry. This propels the transition away from a fossil fuel-based economy to one fuelled by sustainable renewable energy.

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